MLK's One-way to Two-way Conversion: 6 Lanes or 5?

Lansing's Martin Luther King Jr Blvd has been the subject of much discussion recently, with the City's planned one-way to two-way conversion of downtown. In order to convert the downtown streets to two-way streets, MLK will need to be reconfigured. As part of the reconfiguration, a proposal includes changing MLK from a 6- and 7-lane road with a median, to a 4- and 5-lane road with medians along about half of its length.

The city sent a public notice to nearby neighbors with some description of what this could look like. Here is Lansingography's adaptation based on the diagrams and text in the letter (text below):

Option 1: 6 Lane Roadway with Modifications

Maintain the existing roadway, which consists of 6 travel lanes, median crossovers and left and right turn lanes.

Modifications needed to accommodate two-way traffic at Ottawa Street and Allegan Street would be:

1. Construct a southbound left turn lane at Ottawa Street.

2. Increase the size of the curb radii at the corners of northbound Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard at Ottawa Street and Allegan Street to accommodate right turns. With this configuration, westbound Allegan Street traffic would need to use the crossover at Michigan Avenue to turn left onto southbound Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard.

This design accommodates current (2024) traffic volumes.

Option 2: 5 Lane Roadway with Medians and Pathway

Reconfigure the roadway to two lanes in each direction with a center turn lane and medians. Modifications needed to accommodate two-way traffic at Ottawa Street and Allegan Street would be:

1. Move the east curb line of the southbound roadway to the east between Kalamazoo and Ionia Streets to accommodate two lanes in each direction with a center turn lane.

2. Modify median between Ionia and Ottawa.

3. Add medians between Michigan Avenue and Ottawa Street and between Chelsea Avenue and south of Kinsley [sic] Court.

4. Add a push button activated flashing beacon for Michigan Avenue pedestrian crossing.

This configuration would enable direct turns at Kalamazoo, Allegan and Ottawa Streets and would result in the addition of 1 1⁄2 acres of green space on the east side of the roadway. A 10-foot wide pathway would also be constructed on the east side of the roadway.

This design would accommodate current (2024) traffic volumes and increased volumes resulting from a return to in person employment in downtown to pre-pandemic levels plus additional growth.

The city is still collecting feedback on these designs at the MLK website (look for "Electronic Comment Form").

Lansing's Martin Luther King Jr Blvd: How a Street Swallowed a Neighborhood

MLK Blvd: From Neighborhood to Street

It might be hard to imagine now, but Martin Luther King Jr Blvd used to be a regular neighborhood street, lined with single family homes, apartments, and storefronts. Now, downtown, it is a city highway that spans almost a full city block in certain areas with its six to eight lanes and a wide median for grass and trees.

For a long time in Lansing history, Martin Luther King Jr Blvd was named Logan Street. Like many downtown city streets, it had houses, flats, mixed use, and shops along its length. And like many cities in North America, there was a movement to extend highways through their downtowns in the mid-1900s. The State Highway Department (which would become today's Department of Transportation) proposed and successfully enacted widening of Logan, part of M-99, several times since the 1960s. In 1961, the city and the state were weighing three proposals to route car traffic through Lansing. Here's a diagram from the Lansing State Journal, in 1961.

Three plans for a highway through Lansing. Lansing State Journal archives (19 Nov 1961)

The plans were contentious, and some people in the city of Lansing voiced concerns and opposition. There are letters to the editor in the LSJ going years back from people in Pattengill and the West Side neighborhood asking the state not to bulldoze their neighbors' homes. (Lansingography has discussed other neighborhoods being demolished to build highways, I-496 is another)

Eventually, a variation on Plan 3 above went forward. Logan had been widened several times over the years already. In the 1980s, the Logan Corridor was wrapped into the Capitol Loop project, and in 1988, MDOT began interviews with homeowners for appraisal, purchase, and relocation services. An early estimate of 60 homes would need to be demolished (the number was closer to 150 homes and 300 total buildings). In 1989, the LSJ reported that MDOT would start construction in the summer of 1991, which they did.

According to Lansing City Council minutes, 1989 was the same year that Logan was "codesignated" as MLK. In 1994, the signs saying Logan were officially dropped and Martin Luther King Jr Boulevard served as a throughfare through our city.

Bye, Bye, Busy Bee Market

The local homes and businesses were closed, and some were relocated. A doctor's office, the Busy Bee Market, Calhoun's Takeout, Hazel's Salon, and Frank's Grocery store all closed, to be replaced with a street for people to drive through Lansing.

There are letters to the editor in the LSJ from residents of the West side neighborhood who were concerned about being disconnected from the rest of Lansing and from the amenities downtown. In addition to the commercial areas on Logan and Butler being demolished, there was a raised crosswalk over Logan that was being taken down. Pedestrians would now need to cross the street at car level.

Lansing Looks Back to Move Forward

The City of Lansing now owns the strip of land that was Logan/Martin Luther King Jr, the State of Michigan owns the blocks that were demolished. The City has proposed restoring MLK to approximate what it was in the 1950s: a car thoroughfare with sidewalks along its length. Instead of six to eight lanes that curve through the Butler blocks, it would be straight through downtown from Ionia to Kalamazoo. The plan is online on the City's website. Lansing Public Service is holding a community meeting Thursday, February 29, 2024, from 4-6 pm at Letts Community Center, to cover both this and the sewer separation project.

Here is what the 1950s map looks like superimposed on our current road layout, with the Lansing proposal below it (areas in neon green will be returned to the State of Michigan).

The following numbered diagrams are from the community meeting; each intersection will be configured with slipways or pedestrian medians.

When there is no longer a highway running through our downtown, what could we use that space for? Will we make downtown whole?